Component Palette Reference
All 58 components available in de:volt’s breadboard editor, grouped by category.
Sources
| Component | Description |
|---|---|
| Ground | Reference node (0 V). |
| 5 V Supply | Ideal 5 V DC voltage source. |
| DC Supply | Adjustable DC voltage source. |
| Pulse Source | Rectangular pulsed voltage for step / clock inputs. |
| Clock | Square-wave clock (digital simulator). |
Passive
| Component | Description |
|---|---|
| Resistor | Ohmic resistor (configurable resistance). |
| Capacitor | Ideal capacitor. |
| Inductor | Ideal inductor. |
| Potentiometer | 3-terminal variable resistor with linear or log taper. |
| Trimmer | PCB-mount variable resistor, adjusted by screwdriver. |
| Fuse | Overcurrent protection fuse. |
| LDR | Light-dependent resistor. Resistance decreases with illuminance. |
| Thermistor (NTC) | Negative-temperature-coefficient thermistor. Resistance decreases with temperature. |
Output
| Component | Description |
|---|---|
| Red LED | Red-coloured light emitting diode. Vf ≈ 1.8 V. |
| Green LED | Green-coloured light emitting diode. Vf ≈ 2.0 V. |
| Blue LED | Blue-coloured light emitting diode. Vf ≈ 3.0 V. |
| White LED | White-coloured light emitting diode. Vf ≈ 3.2 V. |
| Yellow LED | Yellow LED. Vf ≈ 2.1 V. |
| Amber LED | Amber LED. Vf ≈ 2.0 V. |
| Bicolour LED | Two-colour LED with shared cathode. Red at a1/k, green at a2/k. |
| RGB LED | RGB LED with common cathode. Pins: r_a, g_a, b_a, com_k. |
| 7-Seg (CC) | Single-digit 7-segment display, common cathode. |
| 7-Seg (CA) | Single-digit 7-segment display, common anode. |
Input
| Component | Description |
|---|---|
| Switch (SPST) | Single-pole single-throw toggle. |
| Push Button | Momentary push button. Closes while held. |
| SPDT Switch | Single-pole double-throw switch. position=0 → COM↔B; position=1 → COM↔C. |
Active (Transistors)
| Component | Description |
|---|---|
| NPN Transistor | Generic NPN BJT (Ebers-Moll transport model). |
| PNP Transistor | Generic PNP BJT (Ebers-Moll transport model). |
| N-Channel MOSFET | Generic enhancement NMOS (Shichman-Hodges level 1). |
| P-Channel MOSFET | Generic enhancement PMOS (Shichman-Hodges level 1). |
Logic Gates
| Component | Description |
|---|---|
| AND Gate | 2-input AND gate (digital logic). Output high only when both inputs are high. |
| OR Gate | 2-input OR gate. Output high when any input is high. |
| NOT Gate (Inverter) | Single-input inverter. Output is the complement of the input. |
| NAND Gate | 2-input NAND gate. Output low only when both inputs are high. |
| NOR Gate | 2-input NOR gate. Output high only when both inputs are low. |
| XOR Gate | 2-input exclusive-OR gate. Output high when exactly one input is high. |
| XNOR Gate | 2-input exclusive-NOR gate. Output high when both inputs are the same. |
| Buffer | Non-inverting buffer. Output follows input; used for signal drive strength. |
| D Flip-Flop | Positive-edge-triggered D flip-flop. Q latches D on rising CLK edge. |
Prototyping
| Component | Description |
|---|---|
| Breadboard (830) | 830-point solderless breadboard with power rails. |
| Breadboard (400) | 400-point solderless breadboard with power rails. |
Integrated Circuits
| Component | Description |
|---|---|
| NE555 Timer | Classic 555 timer — astable / monostable oscillator. |
| 74LS00 | Quad 2-input NAND gate (14-pin DIP). |
| 74LS04 | Hex inverter (14-pin DIP). |
| 74LS08 | Quad 2-input AND gate (14-pin DIP). |
| 74LS32 | Quad 2-input OR gate (14-pin DIP). |
| 74LS86 | Quad 2-input XOR gate (14-pin DIP). |
| 74LS161 | 4-bit synchronous binary counter with synchronous clear (16-pin DIP). |
| 74LS173 | 4-bit D-type register with 3-state outputs (16-pin DIP). |
| 74LS189 | 64-bit (16×4) static RAM with inverted outputs (16-pin DIP). |
| 74LS157 | Quad 2:1 multiplexer (16-pin DIP). |
| 74LS283 | 4-bit binary full adder with fast carry (16-pin DIP). |
| 74LS245 | Octal 3-state bus transceiver (20-pin DIP). |
| 74HC595 | 8-bit serial-in, parallel-out shift register with output latches (16-pin DIP). |
| 74HC165 | 8-bit parallel-in, serial-out shift register (16-pin DIP). |
| 28C16 | 2Kx8 EEPROM — programmable contents, combinational read (24-pin DIP). |
| 28C256 | 32Kx8 EEPROM — programmable contents, combinational read (28-pin DIP). |
Instruments
| Component | Description |
|---|---|
| Probe | Voltage probe — attach to a net to graph it on the oscilloscope. |